【花雕学编程】Arduino动手做（249）---ESP32 1.28寸 TFT GC9A01屏之倾斜 45 度且会旋转的绿色圆柱体动画 简单

/*
  【Arduino】189种传感器模块系列实验（资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程）
  实验二百四十九：1.28寸圆形彩色TFT显示屏 高清IPS 模块 240*240 SPI接口GC9A01驱动
  项目之六十六：GC9A01园屏之倾斜 45 度且会旋转的绿色圆柱体动画
*/

//       GC9A01---------- ESP32
//       RST ------------ NC（复位引脚，此处未连接）
//       CS ------------- D4（片选引脚，连接到ESP32的D4引脚）
//       DC ------------- D2（数据/命令选择引脚，连接到ESP32的D2引脚）
//       SDA ------------ D23 (green)（主数据输出引脚，连接到ESP32的D23引脚，绿色线）
//       SCL ------------ D18 (yellow)（时钟信号引脚，连接到ESP32的D18引脚，黄色线）
//       GND ------------ GND（接地引脚，连接到ESP32的接地端）
//       VCC -------------3V3（电源引脚，连接到ESP32的3.3V电源）

#include "SPI.h"                      // **包含 SPI 库，用于 TFT 屏幕通信**
#include "Adafruit_GFX.h"             // **包含 Adafruit GFX 图形库，用于绘制图形**
#include "Adafruit_GC9A01A.h"         // **包含 GC9A01A 屏幕驱动库**

#define TFT_CS 4                      // **定义 TFT 屏幕片选引脚**
#define TFT_DC 2                      // **定义 TFT 屏幕数据/命令选择引脚**
#define TFT_RST -1                    // **屏幕复位引脚（-1 表示未使用）**

Adafruit_GC9A01A tft = Adafruit_GC9A01A(TFT_CS, TFT_DC, TFT_RST); // **创建 TFT 屏幕对象**

#define SCREEN_WIDTH 240
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 240
#define CENTER_X SCREEN_WIDTH / 2
#define CENTER_Y SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2
#define CYLINDER_RADIUS 40
#define CYLINDER_HEIGHT 90
#define ROTATION_SPEED 0.03
#define TILT_ANGLE 45 * M_PI / 180

float angle = 0;
uint16_t fillColor = tft.color565(0, 255, 0);
uint16_t edgeColor = tft.color565(0, 0, 255);

#define NUM_POINTS 20
float topVertices[NUM_POINTS][3];
float bottomVertices[NUM_POINTS][3];

// 初始化圆柱体顶点坐标
void initCylinderVertices() {
    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_POINTS; i++) {
        float theta = (float)i / NUM_POINTS * 2 * M_PI;
        topVertices[i][0] = CYLINDER_RADIUS * cos(theta);
        topVertices[i][1] = CYLINDER_HEIGHT / 2;
        topVertices[i][2] = CYLINDER_RADIUS * sin(theta);

        bottomVertices[i][0] = CYLINDER_RADIUS * cos(theta);
        bottomVertices[i][1] = -CYLINDER_HEIGHT / 2;
        bottomVertices[i][2] = CYLINDER_RADIUS * sin(theta);
    }
}

// 绘制填充的圆柱体面
void drawCylinderFace(int a, int b, int c, float transformedVertices[NUM_POINTS][2], uint16_t color) {
    tft.fillTriangle(transformedVertices[a][0], transformedVertices[a][1],
                     transformedVertices[b][0], transformedVertices[b][1],
                     transformedVertices[c][0], transformedVertices[c][1], color);
}

// 绘制圆柱体边框
void drawCylinderEdge(int i, int j, float transformedVertices[NUM_POINTS][2], uint16_t color) {
    tft.drawLine(transformedVertices[i][0], transformedVertices[i][1],
                 transformedVertices[j][0], transformedVertices[j][1], color);
}

// 绘制圆柱体侧面
void drawCylinderSide(int i, float transformedTopVertices[NUM_POINTS][2], float transformedBottomVertices[NUM_POINTS][2], uint16_t color) {
    int j = (i + 1) % NUM_POINTS;
    // 用两个三角形近似填充侧面
    drawCylinderFace(i, j, j + NUM_POINTS, transformedTopVertices, color);
    drawCylinderFace(i, j + NUM_POINTS, i + NUM_POINTS, transformedTopVertices, color);
}

void setup() {
    Serial.begin(115200);
    tft.begin();
    tft.setRotation(2);
    tft.fillScreen(tft.color565(0, 0, 0));
    initCylinderVertices();
}

void loop() {
    tft.fillScreen(tft.color565(0, 0, 0));

    float transformedTopVertices[NUM_POINTS][2];
    float transformedBottomVertices[NUM_POINTS][2];

    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_POINTS; i++) {
        float xTop = topVertices[i][0];
        float yTop = topVertices[i][1];
        float zTop = topVertices[i][2];

        float xBottom = bottomVertices[i][0];
        float yBottom = bottomVertices[i][1];
        float zBottom = bottomVertices[i][2];

        float tiltedYTop = yTop * cos(TILT_ANGLE) - zTop * sin(TILT_ANGLE);
        float tiltedZTop = yTop * sin(TILT_ANGLE) + zTop * cos(TILT_ANGLE);

        float tiltedYBottom = yBottom * cos(TILT_ANGLE) - zBottom * sin(TILT_ANGLE);
        float tiltedZBottom = yBottom * sin(TILT_ANGLE) + zBottom * cos(TILT_ANGLE);

        float rotatedXTop = xTop * cos(angle) - tiltedZTop * sin(angle);
        float rotatedZTop = xTop * sin(angle) + tiltedZTop * cos(angle);

        float rotatedXBottom = xBottom * cos(angle) - tiltedZBottom * sin(angle);
        float rotatedZBottom = xBottom * sin(angle) + tiltedZBottom * cos(angle);

        transformedTopVertices[i][0] = CENTER_X + rotatedXTop;
        transformedTopVertices[i][1] = CENTER_Y + tiltedYTop;

        transformedBottomVertices[i][0] = CENTER_X + rotatedXBottom;
        transformedBottomVertices[i][1] = CENTER_Y + tiltedYBottom;
    }

    // 绘制圆柱体上下底面
    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_POINTS; i++) {
        int j = (i + 1) % NUM_POINTS;
        drawCylinderFace(i, j, (j + 1) % NUM_POINTS, transformedTopVertices, fillColor);
        drawCylinderFace(i, j, (j + 1) % NUM_POINTS, transformedBottomVertices, fillColor);
    }

    // 绘制圆柱体侧面
    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_POINTS; i++) {
        drawCylinderSide(i, transformedTopVertices, transformedBottomVertices, fillColor);
    }

    // 绘制圆柱体圆形端面边框
    // 绘制上底面边框
    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_POINTS; i++) {
        int j = (i + 1) % NUM_POINTS;
        drawCylinderEdge(i, j, transformedTopVertices, edgeColor);
    }
    // 绘制下底面边框
    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_POINTS; i++) {
        int j = (i + 1) % NUM_POINTS;
        drawCylinderEdge(i, j, transformedBottomVertices, edgeColor);
    }

    angle += ROTATION_SPEED;
    delay(300);
}