Kitronik ARCADE 是一款由英国教育科技公司 Kitronik 精心打造的可编程游戏机开发板,专为编程教学与创客实践而设计。该设备原生支持微软的 MakeCode Arcade 平台,用户可通过图形化或 JavaScript 编程方式,轻松创建、下载并运行复古风格的街机游戏。
它集成了彩色 LCD 显示屏、方向控制键、功能按键、蜂鸣器和震动马达等交互组件,提供完整的游戏输入输出体验。无论是初学者进行编程启蒙,还是创客群体开发交互式作品,Kitronik ARCADE 都能作为理想的硬件载体,助力创意实现。
凭借其开源友好、易于上手、兼容性强等特点,该开发板广泛应用于中小学编程课程、创客工作坊、游戏开发教学以及个人项目原型设计,深受教育者与技术爱好者的喜爱。

作为学习、练习与尝试,这里创建一个深色鸭子的小游戏。
打开网页版:https://arcade.makecode.com/,设置项目名称:深色鸭子
JavaScript 实验代码
namespace projectImages {
//% fixedInstance
export const stalagmite_small = image.ofBuffer(hex`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`);
//% fixedInstance
export const stalagmite_med = image.ofBuffer(hex`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`);
//% fixedInstance
export const stalagmite_large = image.ofBuffer(hex`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`);
//% fixedInstance
export const stalagmite_xlarge = image.ofBuffer(hex`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`);
//% fixedInstance
export const stalagtite_small = image.ofBuffer(hex`e4181800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ee0e00000000000000000000ddee0e000000000000000000ddddedee0000000000000000d1ddddddee0e000000000000d1ddd11ddded0e0000000000d111dd11dd11ddee0e000000d111dd111d111dd1edee0e00dd111d111d111d11dddddddd1d11dd111d111d111d1101001d111d11dd11dd11dd000000dd11dd11dd11010000000000d111d11ddd00000000000000d111d1000000000000000000d1dd00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000`);
//% fixedInstance
export const stalagtite_med = image.ofBuffer(hex`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`);
//% fixedInstance
export const stalagtite_large = image.ofBuffer(hex`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`);
//% fixedInstance
export const stalagtite_xlarge = image.ofBuffer(hex`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`);
}
namespace lighting {
let bandPalettes: Buffer[];
// The top row is just the palette, each row gets darker
const palette_ramps = image.ofBuffer(hex`e4100400ffff0000d1cb0000a2ff0000b3fc0000e4fc000045ce000086fc000067c80000c8ff000069c80000bafc0000cbff0000fcff0000bdfc0000ceff0000ffff0000`);
export interface LightAnchor {
x: number;
y: number;
}
export class LightSource {
anchor: LightAnchor;
offsetTable: Buffer;
width: number;
height: number;
constructor(public rings: number, public bandWidth: number, public centerRadius: number) {
const halfh = centerRadius + rings * bandWidth;
this.offsetTable = control.createBuffer((rings + 1) * halfh);
// Approach is roughly based on https://hackernoon.com/pico-8-lighting-part-1-thin-dark-line-8ea15d21fed7
let x: number;
let band: number;
let y2: number;
for (let y = 0; y < halfh; y++) {
y2 = Math.pow(y, 2);
// Store the offsets where the bands switch light levels for each row. We only need to
// do one quadrant which we can mirror in x/y
for (band = 0; band < rings; band++) {
x = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(centerRadius + bandWidth * (band + 1), 2) - y2) | 0;
this.offsetTable[y * rings + band] = x;
}
}
this.width = halfh;
this.height = halfh;
}
apply() {
const camera = game.currentScene().camera;
const halfh = this.width;
const cx = this.anchor.x | 0;
const cy = this.anchor.y | 0;
let prev: number;
let offset: number;
let band: number;
// First, black out the completely dark areas of the screen
screen.fillRect(0, 0, screen.width, cy - halfh + 1, 15)
screen.fillRect(0, cy - halfh + 1, cx - halfh, halfh << 1, 15)
screen.fillRect(cx + halfh, cy - halfh + 1, screen.width - cx - halfh, halfh << 1, 15)
screen.fillRect(0, cy + halfh, screen.width, screen.height - (cy + halfh), 15)
// Go over each row and darken the colors
for (let y = 0; y < halfh; y++) {
band = this.rings;
prev = 0;
offset = this.offsetTable[y * this.rings + band - 1]
// Black out the region outside the darkest light band
screen.mapRect(cx - halfh, cy + y + 1, halfh - offset, 1, bandPalettes[bandPalettes.length - 1])
screen.mapRect(cx - halfh, cy - y, halfh - offset, 1, bandPalettes[bandPalettes.length - 1])
screen.mapRect(cx + offset, cy + y + 1, halfh - offset, 1, bandPalettes[bandPalettes.length - 1])
screen.mapRect(cx + offset, cy - y, halfh - offset, 1, bandPalettes[bandPalettes.length - 1])
// Darken each concentric circle by remapping the colors
while (band > 0) {
offset = this.offsetTable[y * this.rings + band - 1]
if (offset) {
offset += (Math.idiv(randint(0, 11), 5))
}
// We reflect the circle-quadrant horizontally and vertically
screen.mapRect(cx + offset, cy + y + 1, prev - offset, 1, bandPalettes[band - 1])
screen.mapRect(cx - prev, cy + y + 1, prev - offset, 1, bandPalettes[band - 1])
screen.mapRect(cx + offset, cy - y, prev - offset, 1, bandPalettes[band - 1])
screen.mapRect(cx - prev, cy - y, prev - offset, 1, bandPalettes[band - 1])
prev = offset;
band--;
}
}
}
}
export class LanternEffect implements effects.BackgroundEffect {
protected sources: LightSource[];
protected static instance: LanternEffect;
protected anchor: LightAnchor;
protected init: boolean;
public static getInstance() {
if (!LanternEffect.instance) LanternEffect.instance = new LanternEffect();
return LanternEffect.instance;
}
private constructor() {
bandPalettes = [];
for (let band = 0; band < 6; band++) {
const buffer = control.createBuffer(16);
for (let i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
buffer[i] = palette_ramps.getPixel(i, band + 1);
}
bandPalettes.push(buffer);
}
this.sources = [];
this.sources.push(new LightSource(4, 12, 2))
this.sources.push(new LightSource(4, 13, 1))
this.sources.push(new LightSource(4, 13, 2))
this.setAnchor({ x: screen.width >> 1, y: screen.height >> 1 });
}
startScreenEffect() {
if (this.init) return;
this.init = true;
let index = 0;
game.onShade(() => {
this.sources[index].apply();
})
let up = true;
game.onUpdateInterval(1000, () => {
if (up) index++;
else index--;
if (index < 0) {
index = 1;
up = true;
}
else if (index >= this.sources.length) {
index = this.sources.length - 2;
up = false;
}
})
};
setAnchor(anchor: LightAnchor) {
this.anchor = anchor;
this.sources.forEach(function (value: LightSource, index: number) {
value.anchor = this.anchor;
});
}
}
}
enum ActionKind {
Walking,
Idle,
Jumping
}
let anim: animation.Animation = null
let bottomImage: Image = null
let projectile: Sprite = null
let topImage: Image = null
let gap = 0
let mySprite: Sprite = null
controller.anyButton.onEvent(ControllerButtonEvent.Pressed, function () {
mySprite.vy = -100
animation.setAction(mySprite, ActionKind.Jumping)
})
sprites.onOverlap(SpriteKind.Player, SpriteKind.Projectile, function (sprite, otherSprite) {
game.over()
})
scene.setBackgroundColor(9)
effects.blizzard.startScreenEffect()
mySprite = sprites.create(img`
. . . . . . . . . . b 5 b . . .
. . . . . . . . . b 5 b . . . .
. . . . . . . . . b c . . . . .
. . . . . . b b b b b b . . . .
. . . . . b b 5 5 5 5 5 b . . .
. . . . b b 5 d 1 f 5 5 d f . .
. . . . b 5 5 1 f f 5 d 4 c . .
. . . . b 5 5 d f b d d 4 4 . .
b d d d b b d 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 b
b b d 5 5 5 b 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 b .
b d c 5 5 5 5 d 5 5 5 5 5 b . .
c d d c d 5 5 b 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
c b d d c c b 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
. c d d d d d d 5 5 5 5 5 d b .
. . c b d d d d d 5 5 5 b b . .
. . . c c c c c c c c b b . . .
`, SpriteKind.Player)
mySprite.ay = 300
anim = animation.createAnimation(ActionKind.Jumping, 25)
anim.addAnimationFrame(img`
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . b 5 5 b . . .
. . . . . . b b b b b b . . . .
. . . . . b b 5 5 5 5 5 b . . .
. b b b b b 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b . .
. b d 5 b 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b . .
. . b 5 5 b 5 d 1 f 5 d 4 f . .
. . b d 5 5 b 1 f f 5 4 4 c . .
b b d b 5 5 5 d f b 4 4 4 4 b .
b d d c d 5 5 b 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 b
c d d d c c b 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
c b d d d d d 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
. c d d d d d d 5 5 5 5 5 d b .
. . c b d d d d d 5 5 5 b b . .
. . . c c c c c c c c b b . . .
`)
anim.addAnimationFrame(img`
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . b 5 b . . .
. . . . . . . . . b 5 b . . . .
. . . . . . b b b b b b . . . .
. . . . . b b 5 5 5 5 5 b . . .
. b b b b b 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b . .
. b d 5 b 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b . .
. . b 5 5 b 5 d 1 f 5 d 4 f . .
. . b d 5 5 b 1 f f 5 4 4 c . .
b b d b 5 5 5 d f b 4 4 4 4 4 b
b d d c d 5 5 b 5 4 4 4 4 4 b .
c d d d c c b 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
c b d d d d d 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
. c d d d d d d 5 5 5 5 5 d b .
. . c b d d d d d 5 5 5 b b . .
. . . c c c c c c c c b b . . .
`)
anim.addAnimationFrame(img`
. . . . . . . . . . b 5 b . . .
. . . . . . . . . b 5 b . . . .
. . . . . . . . . b c . . . . .
. . . . . . b b b b b b . . . .
. . . . . b b 5 5 5 5 5 b . . .
. . . . b b 5 d 1 f 5 5 d f . .
. . . . b 5 5 1 f f 5 d 4 c . .
. . . . b 5 5 d f b d d 4 4 . .
b d d d b b d 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 b
b b d 5 5 5 b 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 b .
b d c 5 5 5 5 d 5 5 5 5 5 b . .
c d d c d 5 5 b 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
c b d d c c b 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
. c d d d d d d 5 5 5 5 5 d b .
. . c b d d d d d 5 5 5 b b . .
. . . c c c c c c c c b b . . .
`)
anim.addAnimationFrame(img`
. . . . . . . . . . b 5 b . . .
. . . . . . . . . b 5 b . . . .
. . . . . . b b b b b b . . . .
. . . . . b b 5 5 5 5 5 b . . .
. . . . b b 5 d 1 f 5 d 4 c . .
. . . . b 5 5 1 f f d d 4 4 4 b
. . . . b 5 5 d f b 4 4 4 4 b .
. . . b d 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 b . .
. . b d d 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b . .
. b d d d d 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
b d d d b b b 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
c d d b 5 5 d c 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
c b b d 5 d c d 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
. b 5 5 b c d d 5 5 5 5 5 d b .
b b c c c d d d d 5 5 5 b b . .
. . . c c c c c c c c b b . . .
`)
anim.addAnimationFrame(img`
. . . . . . . . . . b 5 b . . .
. . . . . . . . . b 5 b . . . .
. . . . . . b b b b b b . . . .
. . . . . b b 5 5 5 5 5 b . . .
. . . . b b 5 d 1 f 5 d 4 c . .
. . . . b 5 5 1 f f d d 4 4 4 b
. . . . b 5 5 d f b 4 4 4 4 b .
. . . b d 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 b . .
. b b d d d 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b . .
b d d d b b b 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
c d d b 5 5 d c 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
c b b d 5 d c d 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
c b 5 5 b c d d 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
b b c c c d d d 5 5 5 5 5 d b .
. . . . c c d d d 5 5 5 b b . .
. . . . . . c c c c c b b . . .
`)
anim.addAnimationFrame(img`
. . . . . . . . . . b 5 b . . .
. . . . . . . . . b 5 b . . . .
. . . . . . b b b b b b . . . .
. . . . . b b 5 5 5 5 5 b . . .
. . . . b b 5 d 1 f 5 5 d f . .
. . . . b 5 5 1 f f 5 d 4 c . .
. . . . b 5 5 d f b d d 4 4 . .
. b b b d 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 b
b d d d b b d 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 b .
b b d 5 5 5 b 5 5 5 5 5 5 b . .
c d c 5 5 5 5 d 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
c b d c d 5 5 b 5 5 5 5 5 5 b .
. c d d c c b d 5 5 5 5 5 d b .
. . c b d d d d d 5 5 5 b b . .
. . . c c c c c c c c b b . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
`)
animation.attachAnimation(mySprite, anim)
game.onUpdateInterval(1500, function () {
info.changeScoreBy(1)
gap = randint(0, 3)
if (gap == 0) {
topImage = projectImages.stalagtite_small
bottomImage = projectImages.stalagmite_xlarge
} else if (gap == 1) {
topImage = projectImages.stalagtite_med
bottomImage = projectImages.stalagmite_large
} else if (gap == 2) {
topImage = projectImages.stalagtite_large
bottomImage = projectImages.stalagmite_med
} else {
topImage = projectImages.stalagtite_xlarge
bottomImage = projectImages.stalagmite_small
}
projectile = sprites.createProjectileFromSide(topImage, -45, 0)
projectile.top = 0
projectile = sprites.createProjectileFromSide(bottomImage, -45, 0)
projectile.bottom = scene.screenHeight()
})
game.onUpdate(function () {
if (mySprite.vy > 0) {
animation.setAction(mySprite, ActionKind.Idle)
}
if (mySprite.bottom > 120 || mySprite.top < 0) {
game.over()
}
})
scene.setBackgroundColor(3)
const effect = lighting.LanternEffect.getInstance();
effect.setAnchor(mySprite);
effect.startScreenEffect();
MakeCode 深色鸭子游戏代码解读
这是一个带有复杂光照效果的平台跳跃游戏,玩家控制一只鸭子在洞穴中飞行,避开钟乳石和石笋障碍物。玩家控制一只鸭子在一个黑暗的洞穴中飞行,洞穴顶部和底部会随机生成不同大小的钟乳石和石笋。游戏具有独特的光照系统,创造出手持灯笼在黑暗中探索的效果。
代码结构分析
1. 图像资源定义 (projectImages命名空间)
游戏定义了8种不同大小的洞穴障碍物图像:
4种石笋(stalagmite):从地面向上生长
4种钟乳石(stalagtite):从顶部向下悬挂
每种障碍物都有小、中、大、超大四种尺寸,使用十六进制编码的图像数据。
2. 光照系统 (lighting命名空间)
这是游戏最复杂和独特的部分:
LightSource类
javascript
export class LightSource {
constructor(public rings: number, public bandWidth: number, public centerRadius: number)
}
创建同心圆形的光照效果
使用数学计算生成光照衰减区域
支持多个光源叠加
光照算法
javascript
// 基于PICO-8光照算法的实现
for (let y = 0; y < halfh; y++) {
y2 = Math.pow(y, 2);
for (band = 0; band < rings; band++) {
x = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(centerRadius + bandWidth * (band + 1), 2) - y2) | 0;
this.offsetTable[y * rings + band] = x;
}
}
使用勾股定理计算每个光照带的边界
创建平滑的光照衰减效果
LanternEffect类
javascript
export class LanternEffect implements effects.BackgroundEffect
实现背景特效接口
管理多个光源并循环切换
提供动态的光照波动效果
3. 游戏核心逻辑
玩家控制
javascript
controller.anyButton.onEvent(ControllerButtonEvent.Pressed, function () {
mySprite.vy = -100 // 向上跳跃
animation.setAction(mySprite, ActionKind.Jumping)
})
按下任何按钮使鸭子跳跃
设置跳跃动画状态
障碍物生成系统
javascript
game.onUpdateInterval(1500, function () {
gap = randint(0, 3) // 随机选择障碍物组合
// 根据gap值选择不同大小的钟乳石和石笋组合
})
每1.5秒生成一对新的障碍物
随机选择4种不同的障碍物大小组合
确保有足够的空间让鸭子通过
动画系统
javascript
enum ActionKind {
Walking,
Idle,
Jumping
}
let anim: animation.Animation = null
anim = animation.createAnimation(ActionKind.Jumping, 25)
定义三种动画状态:行走、空闲、跳跃
创建包含6帧的跳跃动画序列
根据物理状态切换动画
4. 游戏机制
碰撞检测
javascript
sprites.onOverlap(SpriteKind.Player, SpriteKind.Projectile, function (sprite, otherSprite) {
game.over() // 碰到障碍物游戏结束
})
边界检测
javascript
game.onUpdate(function () {
if (mySprite.bottom > 120 || mySprite.top < 0) {
game.over() // 飞出屏幕上下边界游戏结束
}
})
计分系统
javascript
game.onUpdateInterval(1500, function () {
info.changeScoreBy(1) // 每1.5秒增加1分
})
5. 视觉效果设置
背景效果
javascript
scene.setBackgroundColor(9) // 设置背景颜色
effects.blizzard.startScreenEffect() // 启动暴风雪效果(模拟尘埃)
光照效果初始化
javascript
const effect = lighting.LanternEffect.getInstance();
effect.setAnchor(mySprite); // 将光源锚定在鸭子位置
effect.startScreenEffect(); // 启动光照效果
通过模拟器,调试与模拟运行

实验场景记录


评论